Crushing-machine.



M. a. BUNNELL. CUSHING MACHINE.

(Appximen med June -21, 1897.)

l(No Model. 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

' Patented Mar. 20,1900.

M. G. `BUNNELL.

CBUSHING MMMMMM E.

SSSSSSSSSSSS t 2 i Munn um! Q l im f f 1` HHUNIH H1 No. 645,586. yPatented mar. 2o, |900.l

M. s. BUNNELL.

CRUSHING MAGHI'NE. (Appuaeion med June 21, 1891.)

(N0 ModlI.) I I "3 Sheets-Sheet 3,.

UNITED STATES PATENT Trios.

MORTCN G. BUNNELL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNCR TO FREDERICK C.

AUSTIN, OF SAME PLACE.

:ausHl'tle-NLACHINE.V

SPECIFICATION foming part of Letters Patent No. 645,586, 'dated Maren2o', reco.

' Application letl June 21, 1897. Serial No. 641,587. (No model.)

To al whom, it may concern;

Be it known that I, MORTON G. BUNNELL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvementin Crushing-Machines, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to machines for crushing ore, rock, and the like,and comprises va'- Io rious matters of improvelnent uponcrushingmachines in which the material to be crushed is subject to theaction of a movable crushing-jaw, which has a compound motion involvinga forward-and-back movement, yan I5 up anddown movement, and a vibratorymovement, my said invention being also more particularly an improvementupon crushingmachines in which the movable jaw is operated by a pitman.

Prominent objects of Vmy invention are to avoid clogging at the bottomof the crushinghopper; to facilitate and increase the crushing action atthe upper portion of the hopper;

to perform the work rapidly and effectively; z5 to secure greater motionat the lower than at the upper portion of the movable crushingjaw, andthereby increase the crushing capacity; to further facilitate andincrease the crushing by securing almost as much motion 3o at the centeras at the upper end portion of the movable crushing-jaw; to place theflywheels out of the way; to secure at the lower end portion of themovable crushing-jaw a motion corresponding with that of the eccen- 3 5tric and to relatively position the latter,where by more direct andstronger action is attained without injury to the driving-shaft; toavoid tensional strain on the main frame or casting and to subject thesame in lieu thereof to 4o com pression,whereby breakage is avoided; toeffectively back and control the movable crushing-jaw; to dispense withtoggle members heretofore commonly employed in crushing-machines; torelatively arrange the movable crushing-jaw and pitman in a way tomaterially shorten up the machine, and thereby render the same compactand effect a substantial saving in cost of the main frame and othercomponent parts of the machine; to pro- 5o vide a simple, quick-acting,powerful, 'and highly-efficient construction of crushing-machine, and toprovide certain novel and iniproved matters of detail serving togenerally increase the efficiency of crushing-machines.

To the attainment ofthe foregoing and other 5 5y useful ends, myinvention consists in matters hereinafter set forth.

InI the accompanyingdrawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a crusherembodying my invention and having an upper portion broken o away forconvenience of illustration. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3is a rear elevation. Fig. is an irregular section taken on line x inFig. l; and Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken on line y y in Fig. 2, onan en- 65 larged scale.

The jaw A of the hopper shown in the drawa ings rises at the forward endof the frame B and, if stationary, can lbe rigid with the latter, and insuch case it can be conveniently 7o formed integral therewith.

The movable crushing-jaw C of the crushing-hopper is arranged oppositethe jaw A, which latter is preferably stationary. The jaw C, hereintermed the movable crushingjaw, is supported in such manner that when itadvances in a direction to contract the discharge-opening of the hopper(formed by the space between the jaws C and A) the said jaw C will havea moderate downward movement 8o for the purpose of facilitating the feedthrough and from the hopper. This movement is desirably attained byconnecting or supportingthe lower end of the' jaw C upon a shifting axisarranged to shift along an incline or inclined path, and while variousdevices heretofore proposed for such purpose can be employed I prefer,as a matter of special improvement, to hinge or pivot the lower end ofthe movable jaw to or upon a vibratory arm 9o or support which is hingedor pivoted to swing about -an axis positioned below its connection withthe jaw. I- also prefer to construct such vibratory arm or support of acouple of links D,suitab1yconnectedtogether. Theseswing- 95 ing links DD are arranged below and at opposite sides of the movable jaw C and havetheir upper ends pivotally connected with the lower end of the latterand their lower ends pivotally supported at points slightly in 10o rearof the points of connection of their upper ends with the jaw C. In thisway, while the movable jaw C can be given a bodily forward-and-backmovement toward and away from the stationary jaw A, so as to crush thematerial in the crushing-hopper, it will have during such bodilymovement toward and away from the stationary jaw a moderate extent offall and rise, and thereby insure a feeding action through the hopper,particularly at the discharge end of the same.

As a simple arrangement for connecting together the swinging links D D,their upper ends are fitted upon the ends of a pivot-rod C', whichextends through the lower end of the movable jaw C, and their lower endsare arranged upon a pivot-rod E, which extends across the frame B of themachine near its lower edge and is mounted in suitable bearings formedin the frame sides b b.

The movable jaw C is backed and operated bya movable abutment,preferably consisting of a pitman F, which is in turn actuated by aneccentric or like mechanical movement. The movable crushing-jaw and thepitman are tied or connected together in a way to maintain a conditionof parallelism between them, whereby during operation the said jaw andpitman will have a like synchronous Vibratory movement. The connectionbetween the jaw C and pitman is also arranged to permit a relativesliding or longitudinal shifting movement between such two members-thatis to say, there is a relative shift or sliding movement lengthwise ofthe pitman-and while for the broader purposes of my invention Variousmechanical sliding connections between the jaw and pitman can beemployed I prefer to interpose antifriction rolls or balls between theopposing sides of the movable jaw and the pitman. As a preferredarrangement and matter of special improvement the lower end of thepitman F is arranged upon an eccentric G, mounted on a rotarydrivingshaft I, which latter extends across the lower rear portion ofthe frame of the machine and is mounted in suitable bearings I', formedin the lower rear portion of the same, Fig. l. In this connection itwill be also observed that the usual fly-wheels onsaid shaft (not hereinshown) will be low down and out of the way. The upper end of the, pitmanis tied to an axis positioned at any suitable point--for example, at apoint forward of the movable jaw-and to such end the pitman is shown asbeing pivotally connected with the rear ends of a couple-of swingingtension-links H H, which are conveniently, but not necessarily, arrangedoutside of the frame of the machine, as best shown in Figs. l and et,and extended forwardly and downwardly from their points of connectionwith the pitman. The forward ends of these links are conveniently hungupon a transversely-arman ged pivot-rod J, which has its bearings in themain frame of the machine. In this way the rotation of the eccentric Gin the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 5 clevates and lowersthe pitman and also swings its lower end forward and backward, its upperend being caused to move forward by the tension-links H H during itsrise and also caused to recede during its descent by said links H H.This movement of the pitman causes a substantially like bodily forwardand backward and vibratory movement of the movable jaw C, the lower endof the jaw being reciprocated through a distance substantially equal tothe throw of the eccentric G and the middle and upper portions of thejaw being reciprocated through distances substantially equal to oneanother, for it will be observed that with the foregoing novelarrangementthe lines ot' relative longitudinal shift or travel of thejaw and pitman are at all times parallel and the same distance apart andthat the forward surface of the pitman slides up and down the fiat rearsurface of the movable jaw. Thus while the upper and middle portions ofthe movable crushing-jaw are given a nearlyequal extent offorward-and-back movement to insure a proper crushing action the lowerend of the same will have a greater extent of forward-and-back movement,and thereby effectively prevent clogging in the crushinghopper andpermit, by reason of its excess of movement relatively to that of itsmiddle and upper end portions, the work of crushing the stone or ore tobe performed more freely, rapidly, and edectively. This bodilyforwardand backward movement of the movable crushing-jaw is accompaniedby a vibratory motion about itslongitudinal middle and-also by a slightbodily up-and-down movement, both ofwvhich operate to feed the materialdownward in the crushing-hopper.

The tension-links H H are conveniently connected pivotally to the pitmanF by means of a pivot-rod H and to the frame of the machine by means ofthe rod J, which is eX- tended across the forward end of the machine, asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, and which has its middle portionconfined in and supported by a suitable bearing B', formed on the frameB at the base of the stationaryjaw A. Vhen thus arranged, the links H Hare easy of access and at the same time are so situated as to beincapable of interfering with the links D D for supporting the movablejaw. Said links are desirably each constructed of a long rod h, bent atits middle so as to form in effect two parallel rods having one pair ofends connected together; a couple of blocks 7L' and h2, fitted betweenthe parallel portions of the rod h and respectively extending from itsbent portion to the rod H and from the latter to the bolt J, and an endpiece h3, adapted to it upon the ends of the rod 7L and against the boltJ and to be held in place by suitable set-nuts IJ. Any otherconstruction of link can, however, b e employed.

As a simple and effective and at the same time almost frictionless formof sliding connection between the movable jaw O and the pitman F a setof antifriction-rolls K are interposed and work between the fiatopposing ICO elia-sse i S,

surfaces forming, respectively, the rear side of the jaw and the forwardside of the pitman and which opposing surfaces, it will be observed, areat all times parallel and the' same distance apart. These rolls K aredesirably mounted in suitable bearings formed in the sides of arectangular frame L, which latter is arranged between the adjacent facesof the jaw and pitman and suspended by a couple of rods M M, attached toits upper end. In order to permit an extent of movement on the part ofthe frame L sufficient to allow the proper action of the rolls K, thesuspending-rods M M are respectively eX- tended through spring orelastic cushions N N, which are confined between supportingshoulders C2C2, formed at the upper end of the movable jaw C, and nuts M M' on theupper ends of the rods M M, and which when thus arranged are adapted topermit a suitable extent of rise and fall on the part of the frame L.

The movable jaw C and pitman F can be 'effectively held together, so'asto maintain a condition of parallelism between them and at the same timeallowed to shift or slide the one upon the other to an extent suiicientto allow the proper rise and fall of the pitman, by means of a tie-rodP, having its head p confined within a recess formed inthe jaw C andhaving its body portion extended to the rear'through suitable openingsor apertures formed in the jaw and pitman and also through a spring orelastic cushion Q, which is confined between the rear face of the pitmanand through a nut P' on the rear end of said rod P.

The lower end ot' the movable jaw C is shown formed with aforwardly-extending portion C3, whose forward edge is arranged overachute or pan R, which latter is conveniently suspended by a chain R'and is adapted to carry the crushed material forward and away from theoperating mechanism, which is arranged at the rear of the machine. Y

With further reference to the parts or members herein designated as themovable crushing-jaw C and the pitman F it will be seen that said twomembers are combined to broadly constitute a combined pitman andcrushing-jaw, or, in other words, a pitman provided with acrushing-face, and that as a matter of further improvement the pitman isthus provided with a crushing-face which is adapted to slide relatively'to the pitman; also, that the movementof such crushing-face,irrespective of its independent sliding action, is at its lower endportion in correspondence with the movementof the eccentric; also, thatby arranging the eccentric at the lower end of the pitman a more directand powerful action is secured. Broadly considered, therefore, I providethe pitman with a sliding crushing-face which serves asa jaw, the linesof relative longitudinal shift or travel of the jaw and pitman being atall times parallel and the same distance apart, while more specicallyconsidered I provide a crushing-jaw which is suitably backed bya pitmanor like movable abutment with which the crushingjaw has a sliding orlikeconnection and which sliding connection serves to keep theA opposingsurfaces of the jaw and pitman at all times parallel and the samedistance apart; also, that, broadly considered, I provide between thejaw and the movable abutment or pitman provided for operating the same aset of antifriction rolls or balls.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. A crushing-machine comprising amovable crushing-jaw; a reciprocating abutment backing and operating thesaid jaw; and a set of antifriction-rolls or the like arranged betweenthe jaw and the said abutment;

2. A crushing-machine comprising amovable crushing-jaw; a pitmanimmediately backing and operating the jaw; and means for operatin g thepitman and thereby causing the same to slide up and down the flat rearsurface of the jaw. y

3. A crushing-machine comprising a movable crushing-jaw a pitman backingand operating the jaw; means for operating the pitman and therebycausing the latters [iat-forward surface to slide up and down the iiatrear surface of the jaw; and one or more antifriction-rolls arrangedbetween the jaw and pitman.

4. A crushing-machine comprising a suitably-operated pitman providedwith a face which slides relatively to the pitman and whichis adapted toserve as one of the crushing-jaws of a crushing-hopper.

.5. A crushing-machine comprising a suitably-operated pitman providedwith a face which slides relatively tothe pitman and which is adapted toserve as one of the jaws of a crushing-hopper, and one or moreantifriction devices arranged between the pitman and itsl sliding face.

6. In a crushing-machine, a crushing-hopper comprisin gasuitably-supported and movable crushing-jaw; a suitably-actuated pitmanbacking and operating the jaw; and one or more antifriction rolls orballs arranged between the jaw and pitman, wherebyarelative slidingmovement will occur between the jaw and pitman when the latter isactuated for the purpose of operating the former.

'7. In a crushing-machine, a crushing-hopper comprisinga movablecrushing-j aw a pitman backing and operating the jaw; antifriction rollsor balls arranged vbetween the jaw and pitman, whereby a relativesliding movement will occur between the said jaw and pitman; and 'meansfor maintaining the IOC IOS

jaw and pitman in a condition of parallelism. 1

8. A- crushing-machine comprising a pitman having a slidingcrushing-face arranged to provide one of the crushing-jaws of acrushing-hopper, the pitman and sliding crushingface being connected topermit a relative sliding or longitudinal shifting movement during theoperation of the machine, and the lines of relative longitudinal shiftor travel of the pitman and its sliding face being at all times paralleland the same distance apart.

9. In a crushing-machine, a pitman operated by an eccentric or the likeand provided with a sliding crushing-face arranged to form one of thejaws of a crushing-hopper, the pitman being also tied to an axispositioned to cause its crushing-face to have a forward and back andvibratory movement, and the lines of relative longitudinal shift ortravel of the pitman and its sliding face being at all times paralleland the same distance apart.

10. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw, and a pitman immediately backing and 0perating the jaw andhaving therewith a slid ing connection adapted to permit a relativesliding 0r longitudinal shifting movement between it and the jaw, theopposing or sliding surfaces of the jaw and pitman being at all timessubstantially parallel and the same distance apart.

11. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw; a pitman immediately backing and operating the jaw andhaving therewith a sliding connection adapted to permit a relativesliding or longitudinal shifting movement between it and the jaw; andmeans for maintaining the jaw and pitman in a condition of parallelism,the two members being also maintained at a fixed distance apart.

12. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushingfjaw; a pitman immediately backing and operating the jaw andhaving therewith a sliding con-l nection adapted to permit a relativesliding or longitudinal shifting movement between it and the jaw, thetwo members being maintained in a condition of parallelism and also at afixed distance apart; and an eccentric operating the lower end of thepitman.

13. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw; a pitman immediately backing and operating the jaw andhaving therewith a sliding connection adapted to permit a relativesliding or longitudinal shifting movement between it and the jaw, thelines of relative longitudinal shift or travel of the jaw and pitmanbeing at all times substantially parallel and the same distance apart;an eccentric operating one end of the pitman; and a swinging connectionbetween the other end of the pitman and the frame of the m achine,saidswinging connection being pivoted to the frame at a point forward of thesaid movable jaw.

14E. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw; a pitman immediately backing and operating the jaw andhaving therewith a sliding connection adapted to permit a relativesliding or longitudinal shifting movement between it and the jaw, thelines of relative longitudinal shift or travel of the two members being,by reason of the sliding connection, at all times substantially paralleland the same distance apart; an eccentric supporting the pitman andoperating its lower end, and tension-links having their rear endspivotall y connected with the upper end of the pitman and their forwardends pivotally supported at points forward of the movable crushing- Jaw.

15. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw, and a vertically-disposed pitman operating the jaw andhaving a sliding connection therewith so as to impart to the said jaw aforward-and-backward movement substantially in synchronism with theforward-and-backward motion of the pitman, and one or moreantifriction-rolls interposed between the said jaw and pitman.

1G. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw; and a pitman-and-eccentric arrangement for operating thejaw, the eccentric being arranged to operate the lower end of thepitman, and the pitman having a sliding connection with the jaw so as toimpart to the latters lower end an extent of movement substan tiallyequal to the throw of the eccentric, the flat forward surface of thepitman forming a backing for the tlat rear surface of the Jaw. Y

17. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw, a pitman immediately backing the jaw and having a slidingconnection therewith, and an axis-link connected with the lower end ofthe jaw and arranged below the same in a po-y sition to cause the jaw tomove bodily downward as it advances, and at the same time to allow itsupper end to advance and recede independently of its lower end; and lthesaid pitman and jaw having by such arrangement like and simultaneousvibratory and bodily forward-and-back movements, but having unL like ordissimilar up-and-down movements.

18. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a crushing-jawarranged for a bodily forwardandback and vibratory movement; swingingsupportinglinks therefor having their upper ends pivotally connectedwith the lower end of the jaw and their lower ends pivotally supportedat stationary points to the rear of their points of connection with thejaw for the purpose of causing the latter to move bodily downward as itadvances and at the same time to allow its upper end to advance andrecede independently of its lower end; and means for operating the jaw.

19. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw; swinging supportinglinks having their upper ends pivotallyconnected with the lower end of the movable jaw, and their lower endspivotally supported below the jaw and to the rear of their points ofconnection therewith; a pitman backing and operating the jaw and ico IIO

having a sliding connection therewith; an eccentric operating the lowerend of the pitman; and tension-links having their rear ends pivotallyconnected with the upper end of the pitman, and their forward endspivotally supported at points forward ofthe. movable crushing-jaw.

20. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw supported by suitable connection with the crusher frame orbody; a pitman backing and operating the jaw; an tifriction-rollsarranged between the jaw and pitman; and a holder carrying theantifriction-rolls and having a spring or elastic connection with themovable jaw, as set forth.

21. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw suitably supported from the crusher frame or body; a pitmanbacking and operating the jaw, and having a sliding connectiontherewith; and a tie-rod connectingv the jaw and pitman and having aspring or elastic connection with the latter, as set forth.

22. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw having a shifting connection with the Crusher frame orbody; a pitman backing and operating the jaw and having. a slidingconnection with the same; a tie-rod connecting the jaw and pitman; andan elastic cushion conned between the rear of the pitman and a nut onthe tie-rod.

23. In a crushing-machine, the crushinghopper comprising a movablecrushing-jaw; swinging supporting-links having their upper ends pivotally connected with the lower

